Internet of Things

"Internet of Things" is much affecting the world in which we live in. From the way we make purchases to the way we drive and to the way we make appointment with the doctor. With the increasing demands of smart technology and smart devices Internet of Things is affecting our lives a lot. From wearable IoT to smart cities Internet of Things is everywhere.

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1. What is Internet of Things?
In simple words, "Internet of Things" is a system of inter-connected objects like smartphone, computing devices, mechanical objects, digital machines etc which are provided with sensors and chips to collect and transmit data without human intervention to the servers through the Internet for the analysis purpose so that after extracting the valuable information from the data the right and necessary action could be executed.


2. Framework of Internet of Things
The framework of IoT basically includes 4 layers:

  • Sensors Connectivity
  • Gateway & Network
  • Management Service
  • Application Layer

1. Sensors Connectivity: This layer mainly consists of sensors and chips embedded in physical devices that are responsible for the collection of real - time information. Sensors use low power and low data rate connectivity so that they don't consume much battery or power of the physical device in which they are embedded. There are many different types of sensors which are used as per the need of the application like : temperature sensor, proximity sensor, IR sensor, light sensor etc.

2. Gateway & Network: Gateway & network implies to the set of various mobile communication and computer networking protocols using different technologies that allows the communication between the sensors and the data center or server. These systems supports massive volumes of IoT data produced by the sensors and smart devices. Examples of IoT wireless networks are: Wi-fi, bluetooth, Zigbee etc.

3. Management Service: Management service is responsible for the analysis of data that is being collected by the sensors and transmitted to the servers. It may be possible that sensors are collecting and transmitting all the data to the servers but only few out of that massive amount of data is useful so it needs "filtering" which is done by the management layer.

4. Application Layer: This is nothing but the various fields in which Iot is being used for service enhancement.


3. Applications of Internet of Things
IoT is present everywhere as discussed above from the way we make purchases to the way we make appointments with the doctors. Some of the typical examples of IoT includes:


  • Industries: Industries are using IoT at a very high rate for smart manufacturing and preventive and predictive maintenance.
  • Wearable IoT: The perfect example for this is fit bit.,which is an activity tracker that tracks the distance you walk, run or cycle as well as the number of calories you burn and take in.
  • Connected cars: So, this is from the BMW that earlier they had no systems to track where the car is. It was all done manually and with staffs doing all the paper-pen work but with the IoT, they embedded sensors into the cars and connected them with the Internet via the wireless network protocols which can automatically track where the car is which also had a huge impact on the effeciency.
  • Smart Cities: This is a highly powerful application of IoT where India is aiming towards. What does a smart city consist of? Anything that you can imagine can be included in the smart city from smart surveillance, solar panels, urban security,industrial IoT etc.
  • Smart agriculture: With the increase in population in the coming years there is going to be a great demand of food supplies. Farmers take huge loans from the government to grow and cultivate their crops but sometimes it happens that their crops are damaged so here we can use IoT to give them an automatic irrigation system or anything else which can help them at a good level.


4. Future of Internet of Things
As we can see that almost each and every person is having one or more smart device and is connected to the Internet so in the coming years this is a guarantee that there will be a huge demand of other smart devices and connectivity protocols which allow them to access the applications just at one click. So, here lies the future of IoT where in the industries and other enterprises are trying to develop fully automatic machines and other resources so that there customers don't have to put in much effort in using these devices and which on the other hand also don't affect their health.

Final Words: I hope this article helped you to gain the information on Internet of Things from a very basic level. 

Happy Learning !!

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