Remember the days..) when a message was used to be delivered only via physical mode i.e. the person had to carry the message from one place to another...but now the time has completely changed. With the advancement in technology, now we not only can send / receive message just at one tap at any place in the world but we also have access to high-definition video calls, games, radio-broadcast and other things. All this works on the principle of electronics communication system..,but what it is? Exploring below you will find answers to all your questions:
1. What is meant by communication in electronics?
In simple terms, communication is defined as the process of transfer of information from one place to another.,or from sender to receiver via suitable medium or communication channel which could be wired or wireless.
Example of wired channels are: co-axial, fiber-optic, and twisted pair cables etc.
Examples of wireless channels are: radio, satellite, infrared etc.
2. Introduction to a Communication system
A block diagram of electronics communication system can be represented as follows:
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Block diagram of communication system source: google |
- Information Source: The source originates the message that needs to be transferred.,it can be speech, image, video, text etc.
- Input Transducer: It is a device that converts a non-electrical data into an electrical waveform known as baseband or message signal. An example of this is microphone which converts audio input like speech to an electrical signal.
- Transmitter: The transmitter modifies the baseband signal for efficient transmission. In general, the transmitter modulates or changes some parameter say, amplitude, frequency or phase of a high-frequency carrier signal by low-frequency signal i.e., baseband signal. Transmitter also does multiplexing.
- Channel: Channel is the media by which information is sent. It could be wired or wireless (as stated above).
- Receiver: Receiver reprocesses the signal received from the channel by undoing the signal modifications made at the transmitter end.
- Output Transducer: The receiver output is fed to the output transducer which converts the electrical signal to its original form.
3. Types of Communication Systems
Depending on the signal specification communication systems are of two types:
1. Analog Communication System: It is the technology which uses analog signal for the transmission of information. Error probability in such systems is high due to parallax. Example of analog signals are: voice, sound etc.
2. Digital Communication System: It is the technology which uses digital signal for the transmission of information. These systems have low error probability. Digital signals (binary data) are used in computers.
4. Terminologies related with Communication
1. Noise: Noise can be defined as a random, unwanted interference on transmitted signal.
External Noise: As the name suggests, are the interference from other sources like lightning, electrical switching, automobile ignition etc.
Internal Noise: It is due to thermal motion of electrons or random emission, diffusion, recombination of carriers.
2. Distortion: It is the process of changing shape of the communicating signal that may mislead the destination about the content of the message.
3. Attenuation: The loss in amplitude or strength of the signal as it travels through a channel is called attenuation.
4. Bandwidth: Bandwidth in Hz (Hertz) refers to the range of frequencies in a signal or the range of frequencies that can pass through a channel.
5. Modulation: It is the process which causes a shift in the range of frequencies in a signal.
6. Demodulation: The process of recovering the original signal from the modulated signal is referred as the demodulation or detection.
7. Baseband signal: Message signal without any modulation i.e.., in actual form is known as baseband signal.
8. Carrier signal: It is the high-frequency signal which carries the information.
5. Example of Communication systems
- Internet
- Television
- Public Switched Telephone Network
- Intranet and Extranet
Final words: I hope this article helped you to know about the communication systems in electronics.
Happy learning !!
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